Cyclin D1 was localized in the nucleus, and its expression was related to the cell cycle, with the highest expression in G1 phase and the lowest expression in S phase. In normal tissues, Cyclin D1 expression is restricted to the proliferative zone of epithelial tissues, endothelial cells, and some fibroblasts and is absent in lymphoid tissues. Cell cycle progression due to Cyclin D1 gene amplification and protein overexpression by mutations has been observed in a variety of cancers and may contribute to tumorigenesis. In diagnostic pathology, immunohistochemical detection of Cyclin D1 is mainly used for the diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma.
Cyclin D1 (also known as bcl-1 or prad-1). It is a regulatory subunit of some protein kinases and is considered to promote the G1 phase of the cell cycle. CyclinD1 combined with CD5, CD10 and CD23 can help diagnose mantle cell lymphoma. Studies have shown that Cyclin D1 is also expressed in invasive breast cancer.
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