Killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1) is the mouse homolog of the rat mast cell function-associated antigen (MAFA or 2F1-Ag). KLRG1 is a type II membrane glycoprotein that was first identified on the surface of rat mast cell line RBL-2H3. It is composed of a homodimer of glycosylated 30-38 kD subunits. Mouse and human homologs of KLRG1 are expressed by subsets of NK cells and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells but not mast cells. KLRG1 is also expressed on subsets of CD8+and CD4+cells, including CD4+and CD8+effector/memory cells, potent regulatory CD4+T cells. KLRG1 may be involved in regulating NK cell homeostasis. KLRG2 was found to recognize cadherins and thus inhibit immune responses by regulating the effector function and the developmental processes of NK and T cells.
CD47, also known as Integrin-Associated Protein (IAP), is a membrane protein of about 50 kD with an IgV-like extracelluluar domain, a five membrane-spanning segment and a short terminal cytoplasmic region. It is widely expressed on many cell types and often associated with beta 3 integrins. It has been reported that CD47 functions as a self marker. Red cells lacking CD47 were rapidly cleared from the bloodstream by splenic macrophages. By binding to SIRPα, CD47 controls hemostatic innate immune functions, such as phagocytosis and cell trafficking.
T cell receptor (TCR) is a heterodimer consisting of an α and a β chain (TCR α/β) or a γ and a δ chain (TCR γ/δ). TCR γ/δ is involved in the recognition of certain bacterial, self-CD1 molecule, and tumor antigens bound to MHC class I. The γ/δ TCR associates with CD3 and is expressed on a subset of T cells found in the thymus, the intestinal epithelium, and the peripheral lymphoid tissues and peritoneum. Most γ/δ T cells are CD4-/CD8-, some are CD8+. T cells expressing the γ/δ TCR have been shown to play a role in oral tolerance, innate immune response for some tumor cells, and autoimmune disease. It has been reported that γ/δ T cells also play a principal role in antigen presentation.
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