CD1d is a type I transmembrane protein and member of the MHC family, with a molecular weight ranging from 43-49 kD, depending on the glycosylation degree. CD1d is expressed by antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages and B cells; also expressed by thymocytes and intestinal epithelial cells. CD1d present glycolipids to iNKT cells that recognize them by their Vα14i TCR.
CD1d, known as CD1.1 and Ly-38, is a 48 kD type I membrane glycoprotein with structural similarities to MHC class I and is non-covalently associated with β2-microglobulin. In humans, CD1 family consists of group I proteins (CD1a, CD1b, and CD1c), group II (CD1d), and group III (CD1e). But CD1d is the only CD1 molecule has been found in mouse. Mouse CD1d has broad tissue distribution, and is found on leukocytes, dendritic cells, epithelial cells, and thymocytes. CD1d plays a role in non-peptide glycolipid antigen presentation to CD1d-restricted T cells. It has been shown that PKCδ is a critical regulator of CD1d-mediated antigen presentation.
CD209B, also known as SIGN-R1, is a mouse C-type lectin receptor predominantly expressed on macrophages in the spleen marginal zone and lymph nodes medulla. CD209B is a mouse homolog of human CD209/DC-SIGN and is involved in innate immune response. CD209B mediates the recognition and uptake of pathogen products, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), pneumococcal polysaccharides, and dextrans. CD209B has been demonstrated to facilitate the clearance of encapsulated pneumococcus by directly binding to C1q and activating complement through an immunoglobulin independent pathway.
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