Fe3+-TPTZ can be reduced by antioxidants and produce blue Fe2+-TPTZ under acid condition. The antioxidant capacity of sample can be calculated by detection the absorbance value at 593 nm.
ABTS is oxidized to green ABTS•+ by appropriate oxidant, which can be reduced to colorless ABTS in the presence of antioxidants. The TAS of the sample can be determined and calculated by measuring the absorbance of ABTS•+ at 660 nm. Trolox is an analog of VE and has a similar antioxidant state to that of VE. Trolox is used as a reference substance for total antioxidant status.
With S-NAD+ as hydrogen receptor, 3α-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase catalyzed the dehydrogenation of bile acids to produce 3-ketone steroids, transforming S-NAD+ into S-NADH. Meanwhile, NADH was used as hydrogen donor. 3α-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase catalyzed the production of bile acids from 3-ketone steroids. Through the enzyme cycle reaction, S-NADH is continuously generated, which has the maximum absorption peak at 405 nm. Measure the OD value at 405 nm and the changes of absorbance is proportional to the concentration of bile acid.
Bilirubin is one of the important components of bile. It is the degradation product of hemoglobin in various heme proteins under the action of a series of enzymes. It is important to the digestion and absorption of lipids and the formation of yellow distemper. Bilirubin comes in two forms: water-soluble and water-insoluble. Bilirubin has powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and autoimmune properties. The concentration of bilirubin in human body is related to sex, drug intake, age and so on. Low serum bilirubin is directly related to diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and other pathological states. However, high bilirubin is indicative of hemolysis, jaundice, Gilbert syndrome, hepatitis, drug toxicity, and possible bile duct obstruction.
Carbohydrate is one of the important components of various bodies, and is also the main raw material and storage material of metabolism. Total carbohydrate mainly refers to reducing glucose, fructose, pentose, lactose, maltose, sucrose that can be hydrolyzed to reducing monosaccharides under determined conditions, and possibly partially hydrolyzed starch. The total carbohydrate was hydrolyzed to reducing sugar, which was reduced to amino compounds after co-heating with 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid under alkaline conditions. The amount of reducing sugar was proportional to the color of the reddish brown substance, and the total carbohydrate content in the sample was determined by this method.
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