Participates in the Wnt signaling pathway and modulates MYC expression by binding to its promoter in a sequence-specific manner. Acts as repressor in the absence of CTNNB1, and as activator in its presence. Activates transcription from promoters with several copies of the Tcf motif 5'-CCTTTGATC-3' in the presence of CTNNB1. TLE1, TLE2, TLE3 and TLE4 repress transactivation mediated by TCF7L2/TCF4 and CTNNB1. Expression of dominant-negative mutants results in cell-cycle arrest in G1. Necessary for the maintenance of the epithelial stem-cell compartment of the small inTine.
CD71,also known as transferrin receptor protein 1 (TfR1),is a transmembrane glycoprotein composed of two disulfide-linked monomers,each of 90 kDa molecular weight. Each monomer binds one holo-transferrin molecule creating an iron-Tf-TfR complex which enters the cell by endocytosis. CD71 is present on actively proliferating cells and is essential for iron transport into proliferating cells.
transferrin receptor(TFRC) Homo sapiens This gene encodes a cell surface receptor necessary for cellular iron uptake by the process of receptor-mediated endocytosis. This receptor is required for erythropoiesis and neurologic development. Multiple alternatively spliced variants have been identified.
The Transferrin Receptor (TfR or TfR-1, designated CD71) is a type 2 transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on erythroid progenitors, muscle cells and proliferating cells as a 188 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer of 95 kDa monomers (1‑4). As the major mediator of cellular iron uptake, it binds and internalizes diferric transferrin, allowing iron release at the low pH of the endosome. The human TfR cDNA encodes 760 amino acids (aa) including a 67 aa N-terminal intracellular domain, a 21 aa transmembrane domain, and a 672 aa extracellular domain (ECD) with helical, peptidase (nonfunctional), and ligand binding domains, including an RGD potential integrin binding site. Human TfR ECD shares 75‑80% aa identity with mouse, rat, feline, canine, equine, porcine and bovine TfR. A 679 aa alternately spliced form begins at aa 82 and is presumably secreted, while in an 804 aa form, 44 aa are inserted at aa 518 within the peptidase region. Most soluble TfR (sTfR) arises from trypsin proteolysis at aa 100, producing the circulating form of TfR. sTfR concentration in plasma or serum is proportional to total TfR and can be increased by iron deficiency. Erythroid progenitors, which use iron for hemoglobin synthesis, normally account for the bulk of total body TfR production. Since rapidly growing cells require iron to replicate DNA, cancer cells can express up to 5-fold more TfR than quiescent cells in the surrounding tissue. Antibody targeting of TfR can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. The hereditary hemochromatosis protein HFE competes with diferric transferrin for binding to TfR, and targets TfR for degradation rather than recycling. TfR has been reported to have ferritin-independent functions in T cell development, immunological synapse formation and galectin-3-mediated cell death, and to be a cell entry receptor for New World hemorrhagic fever arenaviruses.
The Transferrin Receptor (TfR or TfR-1, designated CD71) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on erythroid progenitors, muscle cells and proliferating cells as a 188 kDa disulfide-linked homodimer of 95 kDa monomers. As the major mediator of cellular iron uptake, it binds and internalizes diferric transferrin, allowing iron release at the low pH of the endosome.
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