KLK3; also known as APS; is short for Prostate-specific antigen. It is a 261 aa. protein which belongs to the peptidase S1 family and Kallikrein subfamily. This protein has 5 isforms produced by alternative splicing. It is a secreted protein and can forms a heterodimer with SERPINA5 which can inhibit its activity. KLK3 is also strongly inhibited by Zn2+; 100 times more abundant in semen than in serum. This inhibition is relieved by exposure to semenogelins; which are avid zinc binders. KLK3 can hydrolyzes semenogelin-1 thus leading to the liquefaction of the seminal coagulum.
KLK3(Kallikrein 3); also known as Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA); kallikrein-related peptidase 3; Gamma-seminoprotein; is a secreted protein of the glandular kallikrein subfamily of serine proteases.KLK3 contains one peptidase S1 domain.KLK3 is a glycoprotein produced almost exclusively by the prostate gland. Growing evidence suggests that many kallikreins are implicated in carcinogenesis and some have potential as novel cancer and other disease biomarkers.
This gene encodes a highly conserved preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate four main cleavage products including saposins A, B, C, and D. Each domain of the precursor protein is approximately 80 amino acid residues long with nearly identical placement of cysteine residues and glycosylation sites. Saposins A-D localize primarily to the lysosomal compartment where they facilitate the catabolism of glycosphingolipids with short oligosaccharide groups. The precursor protein exists both as a secretory protein and as an integral membrane protein and has neurotrophic activities. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Gaucher disease and metachromatic leukodystrophy. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes an isoform that is proteolytically processed.
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