Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, also known asPIGR, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamilyand aFc receptor. The ectodomain of this receptor consists of five units with homology to the variable units of immunoglobulins and a transmembrane region, which also has some homology to certain immunoglobulin variable regions. PIGR is expressed on several glandular epithelia including those of liver and breast. The deduced amino-acid sequence has a length of 764 residues and shows an overall similarity of 56% and 64% with the rabbit and rat counterpart. PIGR mediates transcellular transport of polymeric immunoglobulin molecules, and thus facilitates the secretion ofIgAandIgM. During this process, a cleavage occurs that separates the extracellular (known as the secretory component) from the transmembrane segment of PIGR.
Collagen alpha-1(III) chain (Col3a1) is a secreted protein and belongs to the fibrillar collagen family.It contains 1 fibrillar collagen NC1 domain and 1 VWFC domain. Collagen alpha-1(III) chain is a fibrillar collagen that is found in extensible connective tissues such as skin, lung, and the vascular system, frequently in association with type I collagen. The COL3A1 gene produces the components of type III collagen, called pro-alpha1(III) chains. Three copies of this chain combine to make a molecule of type III procollagen. These triple-stranded, rope-like procollagen molecules must be processed by enzymes outside the cell to remove extra protein segments from their ends. Once these molecules are processed, the collagen molecules arrange themselves into long, thin fibrils. Within these fibrils, the individual collagen molecules are cross-linked to one another. These cross-links result in the formation of very strong mature type III collagen fibrils, which are found in the spaces around cells.
Plays an important role in fat metabolism. It preferentially splits the esters of long-chain fatty acids at positions 1 and 3, producing mainly 2-monoacylglycerol and free fatty acids, and shows considerably higher activity against insoluble emulsified substrates than against soluble ones.
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