NK-1.1 surface antigen, also known as CD161b/CD161c and Ly-55, is encoded by the NKR-P1B/NKR-P1C gene. It is expressed on NK cells and NK-T cells in some mouse strains, including C57BL/6, FVB/N, and NZB, but not AKR, BALB/c, CBA/J, C3H, DBA/1, DBA/2, NOD, SJL, and 129. Expression of NKR-P1C antigen has been correlated with lysis of tumor cells in vitro and rejection of bone marrow allografts in vivo. NK-1.1 has also been shown to play a role in NK cell activation, IFN-γ production, and cytotoxic granule release. NK-1.1 and DX5 are commonly used as mouse NK cell markers.
The 4RA10 antibody reacts with the N-terminal functional peptide of CD162 (P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, PSGL-1), encoded by the Selpl gene. PSGL-1 is expressed on the cell surface as a homodimer of approximately 230 kDa. In the mouse, Selpl mRNA is detected in most tissues, with high levels found in hematopoietic cells, brain, and adipose tissue. Flow cytometric analyses have revealed CD162 expression on bone marrow-derived mast and dendritic cells, splenic leukocytes, platelets, peripheral blood neutrophils, and neutrophil and T-cell lines. PSGL-1 is a ligand for P-selectin (CD62P) and is involved in leukocyte rolling, the migration of leukocytes into inflamed tissues, and responses to vascular injury. It is a sialomucin that must be specifically sialylated, fucosylated, and sulfated to bind P-selectin. There is also evidence that other ligands for PSGL-1 and CD62P may exist. 4RA10 mAb is reported to block the binding of mouse leukocytes to CD62P and CD62L.
CD16 is low affinity IgG Fc receptor III (FcR III) and CD32 is FcR II. CD16/CD32 are expressed on B cells, monocytes/macrophages, NK cells, granulocytes, mast cells, and dendritic cells. The Fc receptors bind antibody-antigen immune complexes and mediate adaptive immune responses.
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