CD200 (OX-2 antigen) is a type-1 membrane glycoprotein containing two extracellular Ig-like domains. CD200 a highly conserved type I membrane glycoprotein that is expressed on a variety of cell types including thymocytes, some T cells, endothelial and follicular dendritc cells, B cells, and brain tissue (neurons); but not on NK cells, granulocytes, monocytes, or macrophages. CD200 costimulates T cell proliferation. It may regulate myeloid cell activity in a variety of tissues. CD200 is the ligand for CD200 receptor (CD200R). The CD200 Receptor is restricted to myeloid cells, and it is believed that its engagement with CD200 results in inhibition and/or downregulation of myeloid cell activity. Blocking of CD200/CD200R interactions decreases myeloid cell inhibitory thresholds which results in enhanced immune activation.
CD205, also known as DEC-205, is a 205 kD integral membrane protein homologous to the macrophage mannose receptor. It is a type I cell surface protein that belong to the C-type lectin family. CD205 is expressed at high levels by dendritic cells and thymic epithelial cells. It is also expressed by a number of other cell types, such as B lymphocytes, macrophages, Langerhans cells, bone marrow stromal cells, granulocytes, epithelial cells of pulmonary airways, and the capillaries of the brain. CD205 is a novel endocytic receptor used by dendritic cells and thymic epithelial cells to direct captured antigens from the extracellular space to specialized antigen processing. It mediates antigen uptake and presentation and cross-presentation to T cells. It has been reported that CD205 acts as a recognition receptor for dying cells, potentially provides an important pathway for the uptake of self-antigen in the intrathymic environment, and is involved in peripheral tolerance. Antibody-mediated antigen-targeting via the DEC-205 receptor increases the efficiency of vaccination for T cell immunity.
The Y17-505 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to CD206 which is also known as the Macrophage mannose receptor (MMR, MR) or Mannose receptor, C type 1 (Mrc1). CD206 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein of approximately 175 kDa that belongs to the C-type lectin superfamily. It is expressed at the cell surface and intracellularly by macrophages, Langerhans cells, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells within hepatic and lymphoid tissues. This pattern recognition receptor binds to endogenous and microbial glycoconjugates containing mannose, fucose, or N-acetylglucosamine through its C-type lectin-like carbohydrate recognition domains (CRD). CD206 also contains a cysteine-rich domain that enables binding to sulfated carbohydrate antigens. This receptor enables macrophages and other specialized cells to maintain tissue homeostasis as well as to internalize microbes or their components by phagocytosis or endocytosis. CD206 thus plays important roles in mediating innate immunity, eg, enabling phagocytosis, as well as in processing and presenting antigens for the generation and expression of adaptive immunity. Moreover, CD206 has been associated with leucocyte homing and cancer cell metastasis.
CD206, also known as mannose receptor (MR), is a 175 kD type I membrane protein. It is a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) belonging to the C-type lectin superfamily. MR is expressed on macrophages, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, and hepatic or lymphatic endothelial cells. MR recognizes a range of microbial carbohydrates bearing mannose, fucose, or N-acetyl glucosamine through its C-type lectin-like carbohydrate recognition domains, sulfated carbohydrate antigens through its cysteine-rich domain, and collagens through its fibronectin type II domain. MR mediates endocytosis and phagocytosis as well as activation of macrophages and antigen presentation. It plays an important role in host defense and provides a link between innate and adaptive immunity. Recently, MR on lymphatic endothelial cells was found to be involved in leukocyte trafficking and a contributor to the metastatic behavior of cancer cells. It suggests that MR may be a potential target in controlling inflammation and cancer metastasis by targeting the lymphatic vasculature.
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