CD206, also known as mannose receptor (MR), is a 175 kD type I membrane protein. It is a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) belonging to the C-type lectin superfamily. MR is expressed on macrophages, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, and hepatic or lymphatic endothelial cells. MR recognizes a range of microbial carbohydrates bearing mannose, fucose, or N-acetyl glucosamine through its C-type lectin-like carbohydrate recognition domains, sulfated carbohydrate antigens through its cysteine-rich domain, and collagens through its fibronectin type II domain. MR mediates endocytosis and phagocytosis as well as activation of macrophages and antigen presentation. It plays an important role in host defense and provides a link between innate and adaptive immunity. Recently, MR on lymphatic endothelial cells was found to be involved in leukocyte trafficking and a contributor to the metastatic behavior of cancer cells. It suggests that MR may be a potential target in controlling inflammation and cancer metastasis by targeting the lymphatic vasculature.
CD20 is a 33-37 kD protein, a member of the MS4A family, with four transmembrane spanning regions that present as a homo-oligomeric complexes in the cell surface when associating with MHC class I and II, CD53, CD81, and CD82. CD20 is expressed on B cells and a subset of T cells, but not on plasma cells. CD20 regulates B-cell activation and proliferation. Its ligation promotes transmembrane Ca2+ trafficking. CD20 is an important therapeutic target in the treatment of B cell lymphomas and leukemias.
CD226 (DNAM-1) is constitutively expressed on native CD8+ cells and on CD4+ T cells, macrophages and NK cells.This antibody (10E5) was reported to bind about 40% of inactivated CD4+ cells and binds only to differentiated Th1 cells, but not to Th2 or Th0 cells.It is also reported to suppress antigen-specific T cell expansion and EAE (experimental allergic encephalitis) mediated by Th1 cells.
The Cy34.1 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the B-lymphocyte differentiation antigen CD22 on strains having the Lyb-8.2 alloantigen (e.g., A, BALB/c, CBA, C3H/He, C57BL, C57L, C58, SJL, SWR, but not AKR, DBA/1, DBA/2, NZB, PL). CD22 is expressed at high levels on mature peripheral B lymphocytes (follicular and marginal zone), B-1 cells (CD5+ B cells), and plasma cells. It is a member of the Ig gene superfamily and associates with the B-cell antigen receptor. Its sialic acid- binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (siglec) extracellular region mediates B-cell adhesion to ligands on endothelial cells in the bone marrow. Its intracellular domain is phosphorylated after cross-linking of antigen receptor or MHC class II antigen. It is involved in negative regulation of B-cell activation and protection from autoimmunity. B-cell proliferative responses to LPS or anti-mouse Ig µ chain are augmented in the presence of Cy34.1 mAb.
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