The TER-119 antigen is a 52 kD glycophorin A-associated protein, also known as Ly-76. TER-119 is an erythroid-specific antigen expressed on early proerythroblasts to mature erythrocytes, but not on erythroid colony-forming cells (BFU-E, blast-forming unit erythroid, or CFU-E, colony-forming unit erythroid).
CD161 is a 30 kD type II transmembrane C-type lectin, expressed as a homodimer. Rat NKR-P1 receptors are primarily expressed on NK cells, a subset of T cells, dendritic cells, and activated monocytes. There are three different types of NKR-P in rat, namely NKR-P1a, NKR-P1b, and NKR-P1c. NKR-P1a does not contain an ITIM structure and is an activating receptor, while NKR-P1b contains an ITIM and displays inhibitory function. LLT-1 (ligand lectin like transcript 1) is the ligand, while KLR (killer cell lectin like) functions as a receptor.
CD3 is a complex composed of δ, γ, ε, and ζ chains. They are 20-25 kD members of the immunoglobulin superfamily and associated with the T cell receptor (TCR). CD3 is expressed on thymocytes, peripheral T cells, some NK-T cells, and dendritic epidermal T cells. CD3 is involved in antigen recognition, signal transduction, and T cell activation.
CD44 is an 80-95 kD cell surface glycoprotein. It is expressed on all leukocytes, endothelial cells, hepatocytes, and mesenchymal cells. It is up-regulated when T cells and B cells are activated. It was reported that CD44 is a valuable marker for memory T cells. CD44 is an adhesion molecule involved in leukocyte adhesion and homing to lymphoid organs. The OX-49 antibody reacts with CD44H (known as CD44s) expressed on most leukocytes, except for a subset of B lymphocytes. The epitope recognized by OX-49 antibody has been mapped to a region on both the standard, CD44s, and the splice variant, CD44v, isoforms of CD44. However it was reported that OX-49 antibody cannot detect the CD44V isoform, possibly due to conformational changes in the epitope.
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