Basigin/CD147 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily with homology to both the immunoglobulin V domain and MHC class II antigen beta-chain. This protein play important roles in variety of events including spermatogenesis, embryo implantation, neural network formation. CD147 induces the production and release of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in the surrounding mesenchymal cells and tumor cells, and thereby promotes invasion, metastasis, growth and survival of malignant cells. Furthermore, CD147 also serves as a receptor for extracellular cyclophilinthe and its association with integrins might be important in signal transduction. CD147 displays increased expression in many cancers, and it has been previously demonstrated to participate in cancer metastasis and progression.
CD147/EMMPRIN (Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer), also known as Basigin (BSG), is a transmembrane glycoprotein with different forms resulted from different modes of glycosylation and N-terminal sequence variants. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily with homology to both the immunoglobulin V domain and MHC class II antigen beta-chain. This protein play important roles in variety of events including spermatogenesis, embryo implantation, neural network formation. CD147 induces the production and release of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in the surrounding mesenchymal cells and tumor cells, and thereby promotes invasion, metastasis, growth and survival of malignant cells. Furthermore, CD147 also serves as a receptor for extracellular cyclophilinthe and its association with integrins might be important in signal transduction. Recently, CD147 displays increased expression in many cancers, and it has been previously demonstrated to participate in cancer metastasis and progression. Thus, CD147 and its antibody are used as an effective treatment for malignant cancers.
BSG,also named as 5F7,Basigin,EMMPRIN,TCSF and CD147,plays pivotal roles in spermatogenesis,embryo implantation,neural network formation and tumor progression. It stimulates adjacent fibroblasts to produce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPS).CD147 may target monocarboxylate transporters SLC16A1,SLC16A3 and SLC16A8 to plasma membranes of retinal pigment epithelium and neural retina. It seems to be a receptor for oligomannosidic glycans. CD147 is a receptor of CypA,inducing matrix metalloproteinase expression and mediating the degradation of the extracellular matrix,plays an important role in tumorigenesis and invasion in oral cancer. It has been considered as an objective and effective marker to predict invasion and prognosis in various cancers.
The cluster of differentiation (CD) system is commonly used as cell markers in immunophenotyping. Different kinds of cells in the immune system can be identified through the surface CD molecules associating with the immune function of the cell. There are more than 320 CD unique clusters and subclusters have been identified. Some of the CD molecules serve as receptors or ligands important to the cell through initiating a signal cascade which then alter the behavior of the cell. Some CD proteins do not take part in cell signal process but have other functions such as cell adhesion. Cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) is a member of the CD system. It takes its name from its inclusion in the CD molecule surface marker proteins. CD14 exists in two forms: a form anchored into the membrane or a soluble form. CD14 was found expressed in macrophages , neutrophil granulocyte and dendritic cells. The major function is to serve as a co-receptor (along with TLR4 and MD-2) for the bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and other pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
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