PR domain containing 2; with ZNF domain (PRDM2); also known as zinc finger protein RIZ; is a member of histone methyltransferase (HMT) class enzymes that methylate lysine residues of histones or proteins. HMTs contain a conserved catalytic core termed the SET domain; which shares sequence homology with an independently described sequence motif; the PR domain. PRDM2 contains 8 C2H2-type zinc fingers and a distinct SET domain; and is highly expressed in retinoblastoma cell lines and in brain tumors; as well as in a number of other cell lines and in brain; heart; skeletal muscle; liver and spleen. PRDM2 is a S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent histone methyltransferase that specifically methylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3; and is identified as a tumor suppressor. It is reported that intact PR( SET) sequence is required for tumor suppression functions; mutations in the PR domain caused activity reduction in human cancers. Also; S-adenosylhomocysteine or methyl donor deficiency inhibits RIZ1 and other H3 lysine 9 methylation activities. PRDM2 may also function as a DNA-binding transcription factor. It Binds to the macrophage-specific TPA-responsive element (MTE) of the HMOX1 (heme oxygenase 1) gene and act as a transcriptional activator. In addition; PRDM2 (RIZ) is able to binds to the retinoblastoma protein (RB) and also Interacts with GATA3.
Peroxiredoxin-5, also known as Alu corepressor 1, Antioxidant enzyme B166, Liver tissue 2D-page spot 71B, Peroxisomal antioxidant enzyme, Thioredoxin peroxidase PMP20, Thioredoxin reductase, PRDX5 and ACR1, is cytoplasm protein that belongs to the peroxiredoxin 2 family. Peroxiredoxin-5 / PRDX5 reduces hydrogen peroxide and alkyl hydroperoxides with reducing equivalents provided through the thioredoxin system. Peroxiredoxin-5 / PRDX5 is involved in intracellular redox signaling. The Peroxiredoxins / Prx are a family of 25 kDa peroxidases that can reduce H2O2 using an electron from thioredoxin (Trx) or other substances. The mammalian Peroxiredoxins / Prx family is divided into six groups ( PRDX1，PRDX2, PRDX3, PRDX4, PRDX5, PRDX6 ) on the basis of homology of amino acid sequences. They are located in the cytosol and play a role in the cell signaling system. All six mammalian peroxiredoxins are expressed in the lung. Peroxiredoxins / Prx is overexpressed in breast cancer tissues to a great extent suggesting that Peroxiredoxins / Prx has a proliferative effect and may be related to cancer development or progression.
Bone Marrow Proteoglycan (BMPG) is a secreted protein that contains one C-type lectin domain. BMPG is the predominant constituent of the crystalline core of the eosinophil granule. BMPG is highly expressed in placenta and pregnancy serum. BMPG may be involved in antiparasitic defense mechanisms as a cytotoxin and helminthotoxin. BMPG induces non-cytolytic histamine release from human basophils. In addition, BMPG also participated in antiparasitic defense mechanisms and immune hypersensitivity reactions.
cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I-alpha regulatory subunit is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAR1A gene. cAMP is a signaling molecule important for a variety of cellular functions. cAMP exerts its effects by activating the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), which transduces the signal through phosphorylationof different target proteins. Four different regulatory subunits and three catalytic subunits of PKA have been identified in humans. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the regulatory subunits. This protein was found to be a tissue-specific extinguisher that down-regulates the expression of seven liver genes in hepatoma x fibroblast hybrids.
Serine/threonine-protein kinase D2, also known as PRKD2 and PKD2, is a cytoplasm and membrane protein which belongs to theprotein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family and PKD subfamily. PRKD2 / PKD2 is widely expressed. It contains onePH domain, twophorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc fingers and oneprotein kinase domain. PRKD2 / PKD2 is activated by DAG and phorbol esters. Phorbol-ester/DAG-type domains bind DAG, mediating translocation to membranes. Autophosphorylation of Ser-710 and phosphorylation of Ser-706 by PKC relieves auto-inhibition by the PH domain. PRKD2 / PKD2 converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects, downstream of PKC. Involved in resistance to oxidative stress.
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